Beginning in occupied Poland in 1939, approximately 2 million Jewish Poles were 
crowded into small areas, with insufficient housing, meager food, water, and other necessities 
to keep a population alive. Hunger, disease and death became a prominent feature of ghetto 
life. Smuggling and black markets became a common means of survival. Keeping Jews alive 
inside the ghetto walls became the most important undertaking of the Jewish council leaders forced by the Nazis to operate as Jewish city-states. This talk will focus on the most notorious ghetto, the Lodz Ghetto, and will discus the legal regime of the Lodz Ghetto and how law and lawyers made the Holocaust possible.